Tuesday, April 7, 2015

Core Response #3: Not Even Death is Final

Something that has always fascinated me about soap operas is what Feuer identified as “no action [being] irreversible” (p. 15). I think this feature of nothing being ‘irreversible’ is what gives soap operas “’an indefinitely expandable middle’” (p.12).  There is no need to come up with a conclusion or ever end an action because it can always be returned to; even death is not final in a soap opera (or in network television from time to time; recall dead Denny making a ghost love with Izzie on Grey’s Anatomy). 

I’m interested in discussing further the ideas brought up in the piece about the issue with sitcoms “forc[ing] a false sense of social integration by the end of each episode” (p. 15).  I think it’s noteworthy to consider soap operas as an alternative to sitcoms that are cable of tackling ideas, though maybe less overtly, over a longer period of time and without the constraints of needing to box up a perfect ending or closure to the idea.  The lack of resolve that occurs in melodramas, particularly in soap operas, enables soap operas to address large issues without those issues becoming permanent markers on the characters, themes, or even direction of the show.  I think the concept of ambivalence generated by sitcoms like All in the Family and even more contemporary shows like Black-ish is what I have the most difficult time reconciling.  Their format demands that a conclusion be reached about any particular issue instead of demanding to address the ongoing-ness of issues, particularly those issues related to race, gender, and class. It’s troublesome that people during any point in time were cheering for Archie Bunker for President.  Similarly it’s also troubling that in Black-ish, color is being seen and viewed as “flava” (as discussed last week) or a unique style that can be sprinkled on or added to (or removed from) something as necessary.  When Andre is made the “Urban” vice president, he’s the only one upset—he’s the only one who sees his self-identity instead of his talents or skills being exploited for the capital gain of the company he works for. While soap operas don’t necessarily provide less ambivalence than sitcoms to these larger issues, the fact that they don’t require conclusions does leave them more open to exploring such issues more thoroughly and frequently.


On a bit of a different note, while I was reading this particular piece I was trying to think of why I like even like soap operas and Feuer brings up this critic’s idea about soaps reinforcing bourgeois norms, specifically that “the prime-time soaps confirm the suspicion that great wealth and power are predicated on sin, and, even more satisfying, don’t buy happiness anyway” (p.15).  I have to admit, this really hit the nail on the head when I thought about why I like watching so much Real Housewives or even spin-offs like Vanderpump Rules; although these particular shows are “reality” television, there is a certain superiority that one begins to feel when watching the lives of others be sloppy, back-handed, and overly-dramatic.  This kind of touches back on our ideas about television promoting a self-regulated citizen who can be ok with their basic cable package because having more channels won’t bring them extra happiness anyway.  

2015 Hollywood Diversity Report & WGAW 2015 TV Staffing Brief

In a late response to that deadline article a few weeks ago, I'd thought I'd post real statistics from both the WGA and Ralph J. Bunche Center for African American Studies at UCLA on both racial and gender diversity in TV and film, as a benchmark for an article that has no real statistical analysis.

http://www.bunchecenter.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/2015-Hollywood-Diversity-Report-2-25-15.pdf

http://www.wga.org/uploadedFiles/who_we_are/tvstaffingbrief2015.pdf

Monday, April 6, 2015

CORE RESPONSE #5: “Inside a Killer Thriller Tonight”: Is Genre Television Born or Made? by Allison Ross

“Inside a Killer Thriller Tonight”: Is Genre Television Born or Made?

            In the opening of Jason Mittell’s reading for this week, he quotes Supreme Court Justice’s Potter Stewart’s definition of pornography: “I know it when I see it.”  Mittell goes on in his introduction to establish, “Genres are cultural products, constituted by media practices and subject to ongoing change and redefinition” (Mittell 1).  This reading, and the balance of the texts for this week, argue for the role of genre as a series of codes understood, interpreted and accepted within a given cultural space.  A viewer recognizes, for example, the themes of corporation-as-family and the long-form serial tendencies of a show like Revenge and instantly classifies it as a soap opera.  What is the role of the viewer in this process?  Though cultural mores may establish genre codes, the implication of these readings, and of Justice Stewart’s claim, is that the individual spectator does the defining.  After all, he, not a category in a Netflix cue or a standard programming choice, knows it when he sees it.  This process is especially evident, perhaps, in metafictional and/or hybrid genre forms such as those discussed in Dr. McPherson’s article on 24 or in the viewer engagement with shows such as Lost described by Michael Kackman.  The show’s self-conscious anti-(feminine) soapiness in this case has to consciously counteract a set of norms known to and engaged with by individual television viewers.  Genre categorization, therefore, relies upon a subjective view: the viewer’s role in determining and identifying genre might suggest genre not so much as a set of fixed categories, but as a tapestry of contexts which build recognizable resonances for the individual. 
            Since the Mittell article is where this inquiry started, I feel it is appropriate that it is from this article that the example to explore this question should come.  Mittell dwells fairly significantly on Michael Jackson’s 14-minute short-film cum music video “Thriller” (1983), which combines horror, musical, teen and noir genres to hyperstylized effect.  The melodrama of the episode is established in the kinds of overdetermined scenery (dark shadows, standard horror set pieces of low-lit graveyards and transmogrifying corpses) described by Jane Feuer in discussion of roughly contemporaneous melodramas such as Dynasty.  In “Thriller” these techniques are offset by the video’s conscious masculinity: a narratological forward motion (the episode has a clearly defined short film plot) blends with a curious circularity as the characters constantly loop back to the same theme, the “chorus” produced by the song itself (perhaps a soapy, feminine side, a la 24’s personal dramas).  Amidst this complex and confusing mix of genres is a metafictional frame.  Using now-infamous MTV cutting styles, the video vacillates between a horror plot (the “thriller”) and a narrative thread in which Jackson and his girlfriend are watching a horror film.  They are both “inside” and “observing” an exemplification of genre – a “killer thriller tonight.”  The subjectivity of the characters, especially Jackson who controls the narrative space (pulling his girlfriend out of the film, reminding her it’s only a “movie” but also integrating the figures from the film into his extended performances), is highlighted in Jackson’s constant awareness of genre.  To his girlfriend, the sequence is horrific, she is integrated into the narrative logic of terror experienced by a horror film spectator (or participant).  To him, the sequence is a performance, a music video allowing distance as he recognizes the constructions of this sequences artificial horror elements.  Two different characters (and  “spectators”) experience two different genres.
            How does this reading relate to how an audience subjectively views televisual genre distinctions?  If genre is gendered and a cultural product, how much are these categories pre-inscribed when we sit down to view (i.e. 24 is a masculine melodrama, no matter how we as viewers experience it)?  Or might the drama be a soap for some, and an extended procedural for others?  How does self-reflexivity within a text impact or alter these viewer subjectivities?  Is genre not only cultural but also personal?

Works Cited
Feuer, Jane. “Melodrama, Serial Form and Television Today.” Screen. 1(1984).
Kackman, Michael. “Flow Favorites: Quality Television, Melodrama, and Cultural Complexity.” 5 Mar 2010. Flow. Special Issue: Flow Favorites, 2010. 11.9(2010). <http://flowtv.org/2010/03/flow-favorites-quality-television-melodrama-and-cultural-complexity-michael-kackman-university-of-texas-austin/>.
McPherson, Tara. “Techno-Soap: 24, Masculinity and Hybrid Form.” In Reading 24 Against the Clock (Reading Contemporary Television). Edited by Steven Peacock. New York: I.B. Tauris, 2007.
 “Michael Jackson: Thriller.” Dir. John Landis. Optimum Productions, 1983.

Mittell, Jason. “TV Genres as Cultural Categories.” In Genre and Television: From Cop Shows to Cartoons in American Culture.  New York: Routledge, 2004.

Friday, April 3, 2015

Mad Men or Passions plot twist?

This quiz

http://www.buzzfeed.com/iramadison/i-would-hold-the-hand-of-the-one-who-could-lead-me-places#.xpJVRAQ22

brings to light the few narrative differences between high budget quality drama and the soap opera serialization that it so strongly draws from. I even got two questions wrong, as a Mad Men super fan!

What are your favorite shows of all time?

In considering next week's theme of genre (and also because I have been curious about this since we're all TV watchers!), I was wondering what scripted TV shows you have enjoyed over time??

I'll list my tops. I'm heavily serialized.

- Veronica Mars
- Homeland
- The Wire
- Breaking Bad
- Orange is The New Black
- Smallville (Yes I watched every single season)
- Sex and the City
- Entourage
- Girls
- The OC til season 3.
- Lost season 1.

(cringeworthy) Honorable mention: Dawson's Creek.

How about you???

Thursday, April 2, 2015

Community(?)

In light of today’s class discussion regarding Donald Glover, I was reminded of Community and its Season 6’s premiere episode. 

This season begins by commenting on the noticeable absence of Shirley, played by Yvette Nicole Brown (who left the show to care for her ailing father). 

Chang (Ken Jeong) takes this opportunity to comment on the group’s (and thus the show's) gradual lack of diversity. First, it was Troy (Glover), now it’s Shirley. He asks, “Are any of you white people noticing what’s happening to this group? Do Abed (Danny Pudi) and I need to be concerned?” This worry is heightened when the Dean brings a new member into the group and introduces her as the “new Shirley.”
(The conversation begins at 3:04 for anyone interested)

This point of meta-commentary is interesting, especially when we take a moment to look at the writing room. This episode was written by Dan Harmon and Chris McKenna - two white men. As the show’s creator and head writer (like Lena Dunham), Harmon has the power to write-in any character that he wants. Nonetheless, who is “new Shirley?” Yet another white woman to be placed alongside Gillian Jacobs and Alison Brie.


Of course, the show itself is the butt of the joke, as is much of Community’s content, and this in a sense makes it much more palatable than something like Girls. However, we are still faced with the same problem: commenting on lack of representation is not the same thing as changing it. 

Wednesday, April 1, 2015

What is Feminism

Agnes Varda directed a short French film that asked women: Qu'est-ce qu'une femme?

A feminist is someone who believes in universal equity for all women. Someone who transcends patriarchal expectations and does not conform to the laws of male dominance and who seeks to empower other women. Feminism is an invitation for all human subjects to side with women and pledge to dedicate a life-long process of learning about the female sex.

A feminist is someone who acknowledges the many feminisms that exist--they are not bound by one single one. Feminism is making choices for oneself without totally  depending on men for affirmation. What is a feminist, who is a feminist? To all the feminist who are to come: prosper!